سجعان قزي

@AzziSejean

ليس الغيابُ أن تغادرَ هذا العالم، بل أنْ يُغادرَك الناسُ، حيًّا كنتَ في عَجقةِ الحياةِ، أو ميتًا في سكينةِ ملكوتِ السماوات. الأُلفَةُ هي البقاءُ، والرِفقةُ هي الأزَلُ. ومراسِمُ الغيابِ، بالتالي، احتفالٌ مَجازِيٌّ لأخْذِ العلم. هذا المفهومُ يُعطي عبارةَ “بشير حيٌّ فينا” أبعادَها الفلسفيّةَ والوِجدانيّة. وبشير “الحيُّ فينا” صار بعدَ أربعينَ سنةً ذخيرةً وطنيّةً لكلِّ مُحبّيه؛ إليها يَتوجَّهون كلّما لاحَ خَطْبٌ أو جَفَّ نَبعُ القادةِ أو تاقوا إلى مجدٍ مَليح. لا يُصبحُ إنسانٌ ذخيرةَ شعبٍ، مهما كان مقامُه المدنيُّ أو الدينيُّ، ما لم يَتحَلَّ بالوفاءِ وفي حالٍ استثنائيّةٍ استوقَفَت التاريخَ فاصْطَفاها. والّذين يُتابعون التنقيبَ عن ظاهرةِ بشير الجميّل ليَحَسِموا موقفَهم منه، طبيعيٌّ أن يأخذوا وقتَهم، فتحديدُ موقِفٍ من العظماءِ جدليّةٌ تاريخيّةٌ لا تَستقرُّ إلّا بعدَ تفكيرٍ طويلٍ وعميق.

كان لهذه الذخيرةِ أن تَنموَ أكثرَ وتَنتشرَ في مختلَفِ البيئاتِ لو أنّ الّذين احتَضنوا ذكرى بشير الجميّل طَرحوا قضيّتَه من موقِعٍ وطنيٍّ يَتعدّى الحزبيّاتِ والطوائف، ولم يَحصِروا الرجلَ في المرحلةِ التي كان فيها فريقًا، وكانت مليئةً بذنوبِ الحربِ إلى جانبِ إنجازاتِ المقاومةِ العظيمة. فإذا شكّلَ بشير لأنصارِه المباشَرين مثالَ القائدِ المقاوِم، فشَكّلَ للعمومِ نَموذجَ الحاكمِ القويِّ والنزيهِ والإصلاحيِّ والشُجاع. كمُقاوِمٍ انتصَر على أخصامِه، وكحاكِمٍ مُنتخَبٍ انتصر على الفسادِ وغيّرَ ذِهنيّةَ المجتمع، ولو رَدْحًا من الزمن. كان التغييرُ جُزءًا تكوينيًّا في شخصيّةِ بشير الذاتيّة والوطنيّة. وكانت الكرامةُ مِعيارَ علاقتِه بالآخرين. آهٍ لو تَعلمون كَم سفراءَ دولٍ كبرى طردَهم بشير من مكتبِه لأنّهم طرحوا عليه تسوياتٍ على حسابِ لبنان.

this is an opinion article and represents John Gizzi opinion

By John Gizzi — newsmax.com — Forty years ago, on Sept. 14, 1982, the story of Lebanon was brutally upended. Bachir Gemayel, elected as the Middle Eastern nation’s youngest-ever president at 34, and already in take-charge mode, was killed in an explosion that also took the lives of 25 supporters gathered at the headquarters of his Kataeb (Christian) Party. “Better looking than Jesus Christ,” is how American journalist Barbara Newman gushed over the young dynamo who seemed the right person to finally end Lebanon’s turmoil with Israelis, Palestinians, and Syrians.

Like John F. Kennedy, Gemayel is remembered today as a charismatic leader who brought hope and optimism to his country only to be cut down in the prime of his life. Shortly after winning election in August 1982 and before taking office, two-fisted former militia boss Gemayel ordered the Lebanese Army to enter West Beirut and demanded Yasser Arafat’s Palestinian Liberation Organization leave Lebanon. Gemayel was seen by President Ronald Reagan and CIA Director William Casey, who called the Lebanese president-elect “a nice Catholic boy,” as a pivotal leader for eventual peace throughout the Middle East. But it was not to be. As a surely shaken Reagan wrote in his diary after receiving confirmation Gemayel was dead: “The Israelis moved into [West] Beirut following assassination of Bachir and fight between leftist Muslims and Lebanese Army. Things changed. “In Beirut, Haddad’s Christian Phalangist militia entered a Palestinian refugee camp and massacred men, women, and children. The Israelis did nothing to prevent or halt it. [Secretary of State] George [Schultz] and I met and agreed upon a blunt statement which he delivered to the Israeli ambassador.” “It is a sad day,” concluded the 40th president, “and one which may very well set our peace effort back.”

BEIRUT (AP) — Lebanon’s central bank lifted its remaining subsidies on fuel on Monday, gas station owners said, ending a year-long process of scaling back on the expensive program. The Central Bank over a year ago announced it would gradually lift fuel subsidies, to slow down the draining of its foreign exchange reserves. Fuel subsidies once cost the cash-strapped country some $3 billion annually. Last week, it subsidized just 20 percent of the cost of fuel imports. Lebanon is in the throes of a crippling economic crisis that has plunged three-quarters of its population into poverty and decimated the value of the Lebanese pound against the dollar by around 90 percent. The World Bank has described the collapse as one of the worst in the world in the last 150 years. Now, gas station owners will price fuel at the country’s “parallel market rate” — also known as the black market rate, Gas Station Owners’ Syndicate spokesperson George Brax told The Associated Press.

The local currency is still officially pegged at 1,500 Lebanese pounds to the U.S. dollar, but now trades at about 35,250 pounds at the black market rate. A liter of 95 octane gasoline currently cost just less than a dollar, but topping up the average car costs almost the monthly minimum wage. The black market rate heavily fluctuates with little transparency, possibly risking arbitrary price hikes regardless of global fuel prices. Under the subsidies program, the Central Bank would allow importers to exchange Lebanese pounds for US dollars to fund imports and keep prices stable. However, with Lebanon’s currency devaluation and skyrocketing inflation, gas station owners claimed the stable pricing was not sustainable, while security agencies struggled to crack down on fuel hoarding in warehouses and gas stations.

by english.aawsat.com — Lebanon’s Maronite Patriarch Bechara Al Rahi criticized Monday the efforts of some political parties to obstruct the implementation of Lebanon’s constitution, the formation of its government, and the crucial upcoming presidential elections. “We can not thrive in atmospheres of hatred, accusations, and abuse, at the level of political parties and blocs, as […]

by Julie Ray — finchannel.com — Unhappiness continued to rise worldwide in 2021, as the world overall became a sadder, more worried and more stressed-out place. But in two countries — Afghanistan and Lebanon — more people were living in misery than anywhere else on the planet. Last year, Afghanistan and Lebanon posted the two highest scores in the world — 59 and 58 — on Gallup’s Negative Experience Index, which is a composite measure of people’s daily experiences of sadness, stress, worry, anger and physical pain. Higher scores on the index mean more of a population is experiencing these emotions. The high scores for Afghanistan and Lebanon in 2021 notably displaced Iraq — which still ranked among the top most miserable countries — from the No. 1 spot on the Negative Experience Index that it had occupied for the two previous years. Iraq posted scores similar to Afghanistan’s and Lebanon’s current scores throughout its war against the Islamic State group.

Most of the countries with the highest scores on the Negative Experience Index were contending with some type of economic or political instability in 2021 that is mirrored in their emotional health. When Gallup surveyed Afghanistan as the Taliban retook control last year and as the U.S. withdrew its troops, Afghans’ emotional state reflected the chaos and uncertainty. Worry, stress and sadness soared to record-high levels in Afghanistan and were the highest in the world in 2021: 80% of Afghans were worried, 74% were stressed, and 61% were sad. Notably, no other population in the world has ever reported feeling this worried in the history of Gallup’s trend.

In Lebanon, political instability and government ineffectiveness have become the norm, but the country’s latest economic meltdown has been harder on people than any of its struggles since the civil war. The quality of life has deteriorated so much that 63% of Lebanese adults said they would like to leave the country permanently if they could — this desire is even stronger among those experiencing negative emotions. As life in Lebanon became harder, negative emotions surged to record highs. Nearly three in four people (74%) said in 2021 that they experienced stress “a lot of the day” during the previous day. About half of people in Lebanon also said they experienced a lot of sadness (56%) and anger (49%). Lebanon led the world in anger in 2021.

by english.aawsat.com — The US mediator arbitrating negotiations of the maritime border between Lebanon and Israel, Amos Hochstein, reported “very good progress” towards arranging for a deal that benefits the Lebanese economy. Hochstein’s optimism followed his meetings with several Lebanese officials in Beirut. Many in Lebanon remain “cautious” as the results of talks suggest a delay in time before completing a deal, a matter which adds to rising tensions considering threats made by Hezbollah. Lebanon and Israel are engaged in US-brokered negotiations to demarcate maritime borders, which would help define each party’s share of oil and gas resources and pave the way for further exploration. Hochstein arrived in Beirut on Friday.

The US mediator held rounds of talks with senior officials, and met with President Michel Aoun, Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri, Caretaker Prime Minister Najib Mikati, in addition to Deputy Speaker of Parliament Elias Bou Saab, Minister of Foreign Affairs Abdullah Bou Habib and Director of General Security, Major General Abbas Ibrahim. Hochstein updated Lebanese officials on his contacts during the past weeks following a prior visit to Beirut. Besides discussing his contacts with the Israeli side, Hochstein also reviewed the results of his visit to France, including talks with the French energy company “Total,” which is in charge of drilling in Lebanese territorial waters, accompanying sources told Asharq Al-Awsat. Sources said that the US mediator “did not carry a decisive Israeli response to Lebanese demands,” stressing that the delay in reaching an agreement, “is something that does not satisfy the Lebanese who insist on achieving it as soon as possible.” Moreover, Lebanon categorically rejects establishing joint fields with Israel.

L’Orient Today / Caroline HAYEK/L’Orient-Le Jour — The presidency says it is ‘following protocol,’ but deviations have been made in the past. “As if we needed that!” Nayla, 37, bursted out laughing at the news Friday morning, which she said she initially thought was a joke. Lebanon has declared four days of national mourning to honor Queen Elizabeth II, who passed away Thursday night at the age of 96. Baabda announced a period of national mourning to last from Sept. 9 to 11, as well as the day of the queen’s funeral, Sept. 18, ten days after her death. The announcement caused strong reactions on social media, with some Lebanese saying they consider the official decision “ridiculous,” “shameful” or “really unwelcome in the context of the current crisis.” “The families of the victims of Aug. 4 are currently demonstrating for justice for this criminal explosion that killed more than 200 people, and our leaders say that we must mourn a queen who died peacefully,” said one commentator.

Like most countries in the region, Lebanon follows a loose protocol when monarchs or heads of state pass away. This seems to tied to the depth of relations between the two countries. King Abdullah II of Jordan, who is of British descent through his mother, announced seven days of national mourning on Thursday. The Hashemite Kingdom and the United Kingdom have a very close relationship dating back to the First World War. But if this decision seems understandable from a country like Jordan, it is less so for Lebanon. A source in Baabda assured L’Orient Le Jour that “the protocol of three days of mourning for each death of a sitting head of state” is strictly followed, to which “one day for the funeral” was added. Yet deviations from the protocol have been made in the past. Following the death of Syrian President Hafez al-Assad in 2000, Lebanon decreed a week of national mourning. Lebanon decreed the same following the death of former Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser in 1970. In contrast, only two days of mourning were decreed for the death of Jordan’s King Hussein in 1999. Following the death of former French President Jacques Chirac in 2019, only one day of mourning was scheduled by the Lebanese authorities.

by middleeastmonitor.com — The US mediator in a long-standing maritime border dispute between Israel and Lebanon said on Friday that the negotiations to resolve the conflict have made “very good progress”, Reuters reports. The two countries are locked in US-mediated negotiations to delineate a shared maritime border that would help determine which oil and gas resources belong to which country, and pave the way for more exploration. Amos Hochstein arrived in Lebanon early on Friday for a lightning round of talks with top officials including the President, Prime Minister, Speaker and Deputy Speaker of Parliament, as well as security officials. “I think we’re making very good progress,” Hochstein said after meeting President Michel Aoun, deputy speaker, Elias Bou Saab and General Security chief, Abbas Ibrahim. He added that he was hopeful an agreement would be reached soon.

Speaking at the Rafik Hariri International Airport at the end of his visit to the country, Hochstein said: “I really feel that we’re making progress these last few weeks and I hope to make additional progress and materialize this for an agreement that at the end of the day will give hope and economic activity in Lebanon (and) bring stability to the region, and I think this will be good to all involved.” “I’m very hopeful with what I heard today, with what we discussed today, but still more work needs to be done,” the U.S. mediator said. He added that the United States is “committed to work to resolve the issues that remain to be able to see if we can reach an agreement that will benefit the people of Lebanon.” “At the end of the day that’s the goal that we have in mediating this dispute,” Hochstein went on to say.

Hochstein was last in Beirut in late July for meetings with Lebanese officials, saying after that visit that he looked “forward to being able to come back to the region to make the final arrangement”. At the time, a senior Israeli official told Reuters that the government would present a new Israeli proposal that “includes a solution that would allow the Lebanese to develop the gas reserves in the disputed area, while preserving Israel’s commercial rights”. A Lebanese official said, at the time, that the proposal would allow Lebanon to explore the entire Qana Prospect, an area with the potential to hold hydrocarbons and which crosses beyond Line 23. Line 23 is the maritime line that Lebanon first set as its border during negotiations, before ramping up its demands to a line further south. Exploration rights south of Line 23 would represent a concession by Israel.

by catholicnewsagency.com — By Katie Yoder — Catholic leaders worldwide mourned the death of Queen Elizabeth II — the longest-reigning monarch in British history and the head of the Church of England — after she passed away at the age of 96 on Thursday. They called for prayers while remembering the late queen’s Christian example. “At this time, we pray for the repose of the soul of Her Majesty,” Cardinal Vincent Nichols, the archbishop of Westminster and president of the Catholic Bishops’ Conference of England and Wales, said in a statement. “We do so with confidence, because the Christian faith marked every day of her life and activity.” Nichols went on to cite her Christmas message from 2000. “To many of us, our beliefs are of fundamental importance,” he quoted her as saying. “For me the teachings of Christ and my own personal accountability before God provide a framework in which I try to lead my life. I, like so many of you, have drawn great comfort in difficult times from Christ’s words and example.”

Nichols expressed gratitude and admiration for the queen’s service and called her faith an inspiration. “The wisdom, stability, and service which she consistently embodied, often in circumstances of extreme difficulty, are a shining legacy and testament to her faith,” he said. He asked for prayers for the queen and her son, the new king — King Charles III.

By Najia Houssari — arabnews.com — BEIRUT: Relatives of some of the victims of the massive explosion at Beirut’s port in 2020, which killed at least 218 people, on Wednesday protested against the judiciary’s plan to appoint a new judge to the official investigation. They denounced the move as an attempt by the country’s political class to avoid justice. The probe into the blast, which caused billions of dollars in damage, has been stalled since December, after three former cabinet ministers filed legal challenges against the investigating judge, Tarek Bitar. Justice Minister Henri Khoury and the Higher Judicial Council, Lebanon’s top judicial body, are looking at appointing a second judge, reportedly with a view to releasing some port and customs officials and other workers who have been detained without charge since the explosion.

William Noun, whose brother died in the blast, said: “The families of the victims want the investigations to be conducted again. We also want Judge Bitar to carry out his duties away from the political rivalries.” The mother of another victim said: “We are not against setting detainees free. However, truth and justice must be achieved.” Moody Koraytem, the sister of Hassan Kamel Koraytem, the chairman and director general of Beirut Port, who is one of those being detained, said: “The fate of the detainees is in the hands of the people in power. Those detainees have not yet faced a trial, which is unjust to them and their families.” An unprecedented number of cases have been filed against Bitar, who was suspended after he accused a former premier, former ministers and current lawmakers of bearing responsibility for the blast as a result of their negligence.