Pretty soon, cheese could be all science, no moo. No-cow companies are building “mega factories” and forming partnerships with food giants such as General Mills and Nestlé to meet demand for dairy and prevent cheese shortages. These startups, which include Perfect Day and Remilk, employ precision fermentation tech that harnesses microbes instead of cows to recreate dairy proteins. The animal-free innovations are unfolding as the plant-based food market is set to explode — up from $44 billion in 2022 to roughly $78 billion by 2025.